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Which technologies will help us with the transformation?
Process4Sustainability climate-neutral process industry in Hesse
After identifying 12 levers for reducing Industriepark Höchst's carbon footprint, the cluster's strategic focus was placed on developing and implementing the levers. Levers 1 to 5 describe ways to reduce energy-related CO₂-emissions, while levers 6 to 12 help to reduce emissions from the use of fossil raw materials as feedstock.
6) Green ethylene from CO₂ (via ethanol) (CCU)
7) Ethylene via recycling and cracking
8) Synthetic methanol from CO₂ or biomass
9) Methanol from green ethanol
10) Synthetic acetic acid from CO₂ (via methanol) (CCU)
11) CCS
12) Recycling
Scope 1 and 2
The demand for green electricity (lever 1) cannot be met directly on the industrial park site, as there are no wind turbines or PV systems. However, it is possible to purchase contractually secured green electricity through Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) or other certificates or to participate in renewable energy parks. Green fuels are needed to continue to use existing plants and power stations and generate green electricity on site. Options include synthetic methane (lever 3), CO₂-free burning gases such as green hydrogen (lever 4) or biogas (lever 5).
The heat demand is today met by steam, which is a good heat transfer medium. As steam is difficult to transport, it is generated on site in the various power plants at the location. Most power plants generate electricity and steam in a combined heat and power process and can therefore achieve efficiencies of over 90 %. However, this also means that electricity and steam generation cannot be separated and are highly interdependent on each other. If the heat supply is electrified using power-to-heat technologies (lever 2), the electricity demand in the industrial park increases significantly.
Scope 3
Ethylene, methanol and acetic acid are basic chemicals currently derived from fossil fuels and used in large quantities in the chemical industry. Ethylene, methanol and acetic acid could be produced using Carbon Capture and Utilisation (CCU)(levers 6, 8, 10) instead of fossil fuels. The carbon source is here CO₂. Alternative carbon sources are biomass (lever 9) or plastic waste (lever 7).
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) (lever 11) is the 'permanent' storage of CO₂, usually in liquid or mineral form, in repositories such as aquifers. CCS is the only climate-neutral technology that removes carbon from the atmosphere and binds it. CCU, on the other hand, keeps CO₂ in the cycle and only reduces the supply of new carbon sources. Both technologies are in direct competition for the reuse or removal of CO₂
Recycling can also make an important contribution to close material cycles (lever 12). There are three types of recycling: mechanical recycling, then solvent-based recycling and, thirdly, chemical recycling, which breaks down polymers to produce a crude oil-like intermediate product. Our partner ARCUS Greencycling Technologies GmbH is a leader in providing a chemical recycling solution for currently non-recyclable mixed plastic waste streams with little prior sorting or cleaning. ARCUS Greencycling has built a pilot plant on an industrial scale in the Höchst Industrial Park, which has been in operation since December 2022.
Interested in cooperating?
Your contact persons
Prof. Dr. Hannes Utikal
Head of Center for Industry and Sustainability (ZIN), Provadis School
